Modelling natural light in a room with a lattice smart window

Introduction. A method for modelling natural lighting in rooms with a new type of smart windows with lattice optical filter is proposed. Numerous BPS computer programmes do not have appropriate functions for modelling in rooms with grating smart windows due to their distinctive features and novelty. The method for calculating the Continuous Daylight Autonomy (cDA)
was modified and numerical modelling was carried out on its basis.

Materials and methods. Methods for calculating the geometric parameters of the grating filter and the temporal characteristics of the light transmission of a smart window are presented, and a method for calculating the cDA index in a room with a grating smart window located at an optimal angle adapted to the trajectory of the Sun relative to the window is developed.

Results. The results of numerical modelling according to the developed method for a triple-glazed window with thermochromic material with a switching temperature of 25 °C in a building in Orenburg were obtained. For the hottest period in June, July and August, the cDA index is calculated in the coloured state of the thermochromic filter material, for other months its uncoloured state is taken. The advantage of lattice smart windows over traditional ones is shown in the form of increased illumination both in the colored and uncoloured states of the thermochromic material. By letting in more diffuse light while blocking direct light at a predetermined time, grating windows provide a more uniform year-round distribution of illumination throughout the depth of the room.

Conclusions. Lattice smart windows are recommended for the eastern, southern and western facades of buildings with daytime operation mode to achieve more comfortable daylight conditions at workplaces and minimize energy consumption and costs for heating, ventilation, air conditioning.

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