The need to use simulations of the consequences of violations as part of training in safe working methods and techniques

Introduction. Injuries in the construction industry remain a serious problem, especially due to the high risks associated with falls from height, which are often caused by human factors. Systematic and high-quality training of workers is necessary to reduce the level of injuries, but current training programs do not always provide the proper level of awareness of real risks, which emphasizes the importance of studying the effectiveness of existing training methods.

Materials and methods. In order to assess the effectiveness of training, the authors developed a questionnaire and testing to identify workers’ perception of hazards and the level of residual knowledge on labour protection. The results of the questionnaire and testing were processed in Microsoft Office Excel.

Results. Analysis of the questionnaire to identify the attitude of workers to various hazards showed that workers do not find the value of labour protection training. In general, the lack of training is not an important aspect of safety for workers. The conducted correlation analysis of the questionnaire confirms an important relationship that can be traced between different types of labour protection training. Checking the residual knowledge found that the knowledge of workers decreased by more than 30 % in 3–6 months after the last labour protection training. A drop in retained knowledge may indicate insufficient employee motivation, a lack of practical application of the material studied, or that the training was not effective enough. The study showed that often at construction sites, the priority of performing production tasks is set higher than the priority of ensuring one’s own safety. Increasing the priority of personal safety issues is possible by changing approaches to occupational safety training - moving away from formalism of training and adding imitation of the consequences of violations and accident modeling in the process of training workers.

Conclusions. To improve the quality of safety training, it is necessary to introduce practice-oriented approaches, such as interactive practical classes and accident simulation. The “Smart Labour” Polygon offers innovative methods that take into account psychological aspects and allow workers to more deeply absorb knowledge about safety, which contributes to the formation of safe behavior in the workplace.

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