Introduction. Currently, various types of conventional means of destruction (CMD) attack buildings and lead to varying uses: civil and industrial. CMD often damages individual building structures, such as slabs, columns, beams, etc. Hence, assessing the category of technical condition (TC) of building structures is an urgent task for survey engineers. This problem is solved by introducing the data obtained from the survey results into the verification calculation. The subject of the study is the method of strength calculation of damaged building structures from CMD using the example of a rod element with a compressive-bending stress-strain state (SSS). The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of impact of the CMD of the specified element, taking into account the various nonlinearities of the material.

Materials and methods. The paper discusses a method of numerical calculation for beyond design impact from conventional means of destruction, which takes into account not only the features of the physical and mechanical characteristics of building materials, but also the physical and geometric nonlinear work of the building structure being examined. The physical nonlinearity of reinforced concrete is considered in this article on the basis of the requirements of building codes of the Russian Federation, such as СP 63.13330 and the Manual for СP 63.13330. During the numerical calculation, the following methods are used: the method of initial parameters and the method of simple iterations (or the numerical iteration method). The initial parameters method determines the linear and angular displacements of the rod. The iteration method is used to solve a system of equations, which, with a given accuracy, determines the value of the next approximation based on the approximate value.

Results. The proposed method for determining the forces in the cross-section of a bar compression-flexural element and the method of initial parameters make it possible to obtain reasonable results of numerical calculations taking into account residual deformations and the deformed model of concrete and steel.

Conclusions. The developed method of strength calculation is a verification calculation of existing building structures. For simplicity and convenience of performing verification calculations, the algorithm of this technique is automated in the language VBA (Visual Basic for Applications).

Introduction. The development of electric networks directly depends on cost and reliability of overhead line structures, which requires, first of all, clarification of static and dynamic loads and impacts in order to assess the bearing capacity during design and operation; search, development and testing of new optimal solutions for overhead line supports, as well as well as an integrated approach to network design as single structural system based on requirements for manufacturing, installation and operation. The purpose of work is to find the optimal structural form of steel narrow-base tower and portal supports for 35 and 110 kV overhead lines.

Materials and methods. When studying tower single and portal supports of 35 and 110 kV overhead power lines with diagonals and spacers by weight, normal, emergency and installation modes of operation were taken into account for anchored sections with overhead line rotation angles from 0 to 60°. The line was considered as single system. When studying anchor-angle supports by weight, possible operating modes were taken into account: normal, emergency and installation for different rotation angles of line route.

Results. Has been developed an algorithm for determining voltages for all operating modes of current-carrying wires and required number of overhead power line spans regulated by regulatory documents. For the first time has been solved the problem of calculating the stress-strain state for overhead power line as single system, taking into account the joint operation of current-carrying wires, ground wires, insulator strings, supports and foundations. Based on proposed numerical optimization method mass and cost of narrow-base supports have been further reduced by up to 20 %.

Conclusions. Proposed narrow-base supports are technologically advanced in manufacturing, installation and operation. Portal supports with and without reinforcing diagonals are rational in anchor-angle versions of 110 kV, especially with large loads from plane and significant differences in terrain, as well as in intermediate versions of 110 kV with support height of up to 27 m. On 35 kV overhead lines the use of portal free-standing supports gives a positive effect only for intermediate versions up to 20 m high.

Introduction. Preservation of cultural heritage is an urgent task of modern society. Its necessity is also stated in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 02.07.2021 № 400 “The National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation”: “...strengthening of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values, preservation of cultural and historical heritage of the people of Russia”. It is also clear that Russian society is aware of the importance of preserving the architectural cultural heritage of our country. Voluntary expeditions and other activities are carried out in order to preserve cultural heritage objects, as well as old houses that are not included in the register. The research of Glukharev merchants’ shop is a part of the historical and architectural research of the Rybatskaya Sloboda in Pereslavl-Zalessky. In this place the historical appearance is still preserved as well as features connected with the historically developed trade specialization of the sloboda. The research is devoted to one of the old economic buildings of the sloboda — a trading shop. This object is a rare valuable building. It is in an emergency condition and requires urgent intervention of specialists. The methods applicable to the restoration of wooden outbuildings are considered. The possibility of using each method for the shop of the Glukharev merchants is evaluated, and also design solutions of structures are proposed and the most rational solution is determined. The choice of the restoration method determines the duration, labour and economic costs of the work and depends mainly on the condition of the building and its conservation status.

Materials and methods. Old houses of Rybatskaya Sloboda, archival sources, scientific works, normative documents were analyzed. A field study of the building was carried out, in the course of which measurements were made, photo-fixation was made, the condition of the structures was assessed, and the calculation of the structures was carried out.

Results. The options for reinforcing the bench roof structures were investigated and the cross-sections of the structures were selected for the most optimal option.

Conclusions. The best option turned out to be the roof reinforcement with struts and underpinnings with cross sections of 30 × 30 and 40 × 40.

Introduction. The architecture of medical institutions has undergone a complex and multifaceted path of development. A special branch of modern healthcare is considered to be palliative care, which was formed in the twentieth century, but the prototypes of palliative care institutions emerged long ago. The role and functions of modern palliative institutions for many centuries have been provided by orphanages, hospitals, convents, monasteries, hospitals, strange houses and others.

Materials and methods. Materials and methods of the study include methods of review, comparative analysis and synthesis on scientific, historical, art, literary sources and project materials related to the architecture of prototypes of palliative institutions.

Results. The paper shows the connection between the development of Christianity and the formation of the foundations of the palliative (hospice) movement. The prerequisites for the emergence and history of the development of prototypes of palliative institutions, their architectural solutions and features are considered here. The paper studies the transformation of the hospices main function over the centuries to the twentieth century.

Conclusions. The evolution of palliative care institutions has occurred throughout the life of mankind, sometimes intertwined with health care, but more often following its own path. The evolution of medical and palliative care institutions cannot be considered synonymous, as for many periods, especially as the effectiveness of medical care has developed, there has been a fundamental difference between “curable” and “incurable” patients, not in favour of the latter. The evolution of palliative care institutions is linked to the social history of care for the elderly and dying, to the level of cultural development of society, to its religious, humane and mystical beliefs. A significant and decisive contribution to the evolution of the palliative care movement has been made by the efforts of individuals and the dictates of their human and medical duty. Their resilience and humanity allowed this part of health care not to languish, but to open up and prove that if a person cannot be cured, it does not mean that he cannot be helped.

Introduction. Scheme for systematizing information and data required to create an urban planning decision support system and interrelating the main urban planning processes for developing an Urban Information and Communication Portal.

Materials and methods. The Scheme DSS in Urban Planning is a modified and generated version of existing research methods. It is based on scientific schools of organizational-action games, organizational management, methodology of information systems development, and conceptual analysis, as well as system-mind-action methodology related to situation centres.

Results. The study formed predicates of relations. The Urban Information and Communication Portal includes stakeholders from four groups involved in urban planning activities: “Public authorities”, “Businesses”, “Communities” and “Property owners”. In addition, quantifier formulas are used to make urban planning decisions for different types of territory transformation. The logical relationships between these formulas are presented in the logic of predicates. The decision-making process for urban planning on a specific territory is expressed in formula 1. The expression formula 2 is used to make an urban planning decision, while expression formula 3 confirms the existence of an urban planning decision. This decision takes into account the relevant factors of each stakeholder involved in urban planning activities and considers one or more attributes of the territory.

Conclusions. This hypothesis can serve as the foundation for developing a new digital tool, the Urban Information and Communication Portal with access to a decision support system that employs end-to-end digital technologies such as web mapping, GIS, and artificial intelligence.

Introduction. The significance of this research lies in the observation that major urban centres face a shortage of available spaces in kindergartens and schools during their development. In addition to addressing the quantitative shortfall, there is a pressing need to establish educational complexes that integrate kindergartens and schools. This integration can facilitate continuity in the educational process and optimise land use. These challenges give rise to territorial and spatial planning issues within urban development, which, on one hand, drive residential construction and increase the population of educational facility users, while on the other hand, necessitate the allocation of space for the construction of these facilities.

Materials and methods. One objective of the mechanism for integrated territorial development is to establish conditions that promote the functional and spatial organisation of social infrastructure. However, to date, the solutions for this development have not been coordinated with the availability of spaces in kindergartens and schools. This disconnection is likely to have a long-term negative impact on the quality of the urban environment. The study focuses on areas designated for complex development, while the subject of inquiry is the methodology used to justify the quantitative need for available spaces and the methods and implications associated with the establishment of kindergartens and schools as educational complexes.

Results. A comprehensive analysis of scientific studies focused on the provision of kindergartens and schools has been conducted. This analysis identified several key aspects, including the need for adequate placements, the capacity for adaptation in response to demographic changes, the continuity of educational programmes for preschoolers transitioning to school, and opportunities for children to engage in practical team tasks, including those set in natural environments within major urban areas.

Conclusions. This study employs system and mathematical analysis to examine the parameters of integrated territorial development in the city of Moscow. It highlights the trends in the functional utilisation of the territory, thereby facilitating the application of the proposed methodologies for allocating spaces in educational facilities within the context of integrated development.

Introduction. In 2024 the President of the Russian Federation has instructed to approve the Strategy for the Sustainable Development of the Azov Region until 2040 and the action plan for its implementation, ensuring the synchronization of decisions on the financing of these activities with national projects and strategic planning documents; significant plans are connected with this, including improvement in living standards in the Azov region. This strategy, among other things, is aimed to develop beach tourism, as well as well as the fish industry with a great potential of the Azov Sea. In this regard, we are carrying out this research, focusing on studying the current geoecological state of the river basins of the Northern Azov hydrological region as exemplified by the small river Gruzskoy Elanchik (L = 91 km, F = 1,250 km2). Aims for the selected river basin are the following: create databases of construction and urban facilities in the basin of the Gruzskoy Elanchik river containing structural parameters, its functional purpose, morphometric features, geomorphological features, physicochemical water specimens.

Materials and methods. The work is based on factual material collected in the field research in the basin of the Gruzskoy Elanchik River. The analysis of the design, construction and operational documentation of the complexes of structures along the riverbed were carried out, their structural elements were evaluated; water specimens were taken for complex laboratory studies.

Results. Gradation schemes for reclamation and water management facilities have been developed for the selected river basin. Geoinformation databases including spatial data have been created.

Conclusions. Data were collected to determine the degree of environmental safety, compiled based on the results of a field survey, systematizing information about water management construction facilities in the river basin: studies of operated water management and reclamation construction facilities were conducted; certified devices and equipment were used to ensure the accuracy and reproducibility of the results; the data obtained were analyzed and the results evaluated; the assessment of the technical condition and safety level, according to the current codes and rules, was given at the moment of examination; recommendations on carrying out a set of measures to strengthen the safety of structures were given.

Introduction. The study is devoted to the impact of Building Information Modelling (BIM) technologies on the operational efficiency of property management. In an era marked by digitalization and increasingly complex building operations, the use of integrated digital platforms that enhance coordination among property management companies, technical personnel, and residents has become essential. The novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive analysis of BIM’s impact on reducing response times, optimizing maintenance procedures, and lowering operational costs. The objective of the study is to assess the influence of BIM on operational performance and to identify the key factors affecting the successful implementation of such technologies.

Materials and methods. A mixed-methods approach was employed in this study, combining both qualitative and quantitative analyses of data collected between 2022 and 2024. Data were gathered through case studies, surveys, interviews, and observations of building performance metrics. Statistical methods, including paired t-tests, alongside thematic analysis, were utilized to evaluate changes, ensuring robust data triangulation and an objective interpretation of the results.

Results. The implementation of BIM resulted in a 35 % reduction in response times for service requests, a 20 % decrease in operational costs, and a 15 % reduction in energy consumption. Moreover, the digitalization of processes significantly increased tenant satisfaction through enhanced service transparency and improved communication among stakeholders.

Conclusions. The findings confirm the high effectiveness of utilizing BIM in the operational management of property. The study demonstrates that BIM integration contributes to process optimization, cost reduction, and improved energy efficiency. It is recommended that further integration of BIM with IoT and AI technologies be pursued, along with the development of comprehensive training programs for personnel, to ensure sustainable and efficient management of real estate assets.

Introduction. Generative design is a methodology based on the use of algorithms and applications to generate iterative and variable design solutions. It allows analyzing and considering multiple factors such as topography, climatic conditions, human flows, transportation networks and other parameters to develop the best solutions for a specific location. Ontology engineering is concerned with the creation of formal descriptions and models to represent knowledge about the subject area. In urban planning, ontology engineering can be used to create a formal model of a city that integrates information about its physical environment, infrastructure, public spaces and transportation network.

Materials and methods. The realization of the project is based with on machine learning, convolutional neural network in the field of generative design. We describe the process of developing a system for determining and visualizing the optimal location of construction objects in urban planning, using park areas as an example.

Results. The ontological model of CP 475.1325800.2020 “Parks. Rules of urban planning and landscaping”. A method for creating a park area layout using generative design is proposed. An example of the implementation of the proposed method using the Unity cross-platform computer application development environment is given.

Conclusions. By combining generative design and ontology engineering in urban planning, new opportunities arise for designing innovative urban environments. With generative algorithms, ontology models can be used to automatically design and evaluate different urban design options, taking into account the given parameters and goals. This allows to explore a large number of options and find optimal solutions considering multiple factors. The paper analyzes the use of generative design and ontology engineering technologies in the field of urban planning.

Introduction. In this paper, a metaverse technology is proposed, in which special attention is paid to user-oriented technological adaptation as an environment for reproducing digitised architectural monuments. The purpose of the study is to identify the main key technological segments for architectural heritage sites, depending on the type of metaverse. To achieve the purpose of the study, the following tasks were set: analysis of breakthrough and end-to-end technologies; evaluation of criteria for a key technological segment of architectural heritage objects in the metaverse environment. Consequential fundamental in relation to this study can be works which is revealing aspects of: heritage management, represented by norms, standards; descriptions of end-to-end technologies forming the metaverse; preservation of architectural heritage objects with the introduction of digitalisation technologies.

Materials and methods. In this paper general scientific methods (logical, method of analogy, systematisation), specifically scientific methods (comparative analysis of scientific sources of information conducted on the basis of digital libraries Researchgate, CyberLeninka), digital method (Internet queries, global trends) were applied.

Results. As a result of the analysis of key technological segments in the field of architectural heritage preservation in the metaverse environment, criteria were identified for assessing the potential of using this technology in the field of real estate, engineering and construction, scientifically significant objects, reconstruction of reconstructions, visits to heritage sites in the form of museum exhibits, or as objects in the field of tourism.

Conclusions. The preservation of architectural heritage objects in the form of digital models, elements of the metaverse will preserve and reproduce the memory and rich history of architecture and urban planning.